Aplicaciones clínicas del advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF y A-PRF+) en cirugía oral: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/ei.v5iEsp.2.347Palabras clave:
Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, A-PRF,, A-PRF+, cicatrización tisular, cirugía oral, concentrados plaquetarios, medicina regenerativaResumen
La regeneración tisular representa un desafío permanente en la cirugía oral, lo que ha impulsado el desarrollo de concentrados plaquetarios autólogos como el A-PRF y A-PRF+, cuyo potencial para favorecer la cicatrización y reparación tisular ha generado un creciente interés clínico. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue evaluar la evidencia científica disponible sobre las aplicaciones clínicas, la efectividad y los factores asociados a la variabilidad de los resultados del A-PRF y A-PRF+ en procedimientos de cirugía oral. La investigación se desarrolló conforme a las recomendaciones PRISMA 2020 y la estrategia PICOS. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Scopus y Web of Science, identificándose 186 registros; tras la eliminación de duplicados y la aplicación de criterios de elegibilidad, se incluyeron 31 estudios evaluados mediante la herramienta Cochrane ROB-2. Los resultados evidenciaron aplicaciones en cicatrización alveolar, preservación del reborde alveolar, implantología, elevación del seno maxilar, cirugía mucogingival, cierre de comunicaciones oroantrales y manejo de complicaciones posoperatorias. Se observaron beneficios consistentes en la reducción del dolor, control de la inflamación y mejoría de la cicatrización de tejidos blandos durante la fase posoperatoria temprana; sin embargo, la evidencia sobre regeneración ósea y estabilidad periimplantaria a mediano y largo plazo presentó mayor heterogeneidad, influenciada por el protocolo de centrifugación, el tipo de comparador, las características del paciente y el tiempo de seguimiento. En conclusión, el A-PRF y A-PRF+ constituyen coadyuvantes biológicos con potencial para optimizar la cicatrización en cirugía oral, aunque se requieren protocolos estandarizados y estudios multicéntricos con seguimiento prolongado para confirmar sus beneficios regenerativos.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Adrián Sebastián Realpe Flores, Carlos Elián Coque Bastidas, Maritza Mishell Alarcón Mugmal, Ana Belen Noguera Montenegro
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
