Análisis bibliométrico de la inseguridad alimentaria y la malnutrición en poblaciones vulnerables
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/ei.v5iEsp.1.324Palabras clave:
Factores socioeconómicos, inseguridad alimentaria, inteligencia artificial, malnutrición infantil, salud públicaResumen
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la arquitectura y la evolución del conocimiento científico sobre inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición en poblaciones vulnerables a nivel mundial durante el período 2020–2026, identificando los principales liderazgos intelectuales, tendencias territoriales y líneas emergentes de investigación relacionadas con la prevención y la salud pública. Para ello, se realizó un estudio bibliométrico basado en un corpus de 274 documentos científicos indexados en Scopus. El análisis incluyó indicadores de productividad científica, tendencias de publicación, redes de co-citación y mapas de co-ocurrencia de términos, complementados con la identificación de enfoques emergentes vinculados con la inteligencia artificial y el aprendizaje automático aplicados a la vigilancia nutricional. Los resultados evidenciaron un incremento sostenido de la producción científica, alcanzando su máximo nivel en 2025. Asimismo, se identificó una estrecha relación entre inseguridad alimentaria, factores socioeconómicos y malnutrición, así como el creciente interés por la denominada doble carga de la malnutrición, caracterizada por la coexistencia de obesidad y retraso del crecimiento en poblaciones vulnerables. Los análisis temáticos mostraron una transición desde enfoques descriptivos hacia modelos predictivos orientados a la detección temprana de riesgos nutricionales mediante herramientas de inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático. Se concluye que la investigación científica sobre inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición ha evolucionado hacia enfoques multidimensionales que integran determinantes sociales, territoriales y tecnológicos. Asimismo, se destaca el potencial de los sistemas predictivos basados en datos para fortalecer la planificación de intervenciones preventivas y contribuir al diseño de políticas públicas orientadas a mejorar la seguridad alimentaria y el bienestar nutricional de las poblaciones vulnerables.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ximena Marisol Veliz Villca
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
