Asociación del índice de triglicéridos-glucosa (índice TyG) y el riesgo cardiovascular en adultos de la ciudad de Tulcán, 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/ei.v5i1.284Palabras clave:
Adultos, índice de triglicéridos-glucosa, resistencia a la insulina, riesgo cardiovascularResumen
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan una prioridad sanitaria mundial, y la resistencia a la insulina es un factor clave en su desarrollo temprano, la cual puede ser evaluada mediante biomarcadores accesibles. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el índice de triglicéridos-glucosa (TyG) y el riesgo cardiovascular a 10 años en adultos de la ciudad de Tulcán, Ecuador, en el año 2025. Se llevó a cabo un estudio analítico de corte transversal en 313 adultos de 40 a 64 años, en el que se evaluó la resistencia a la insulina mediante el cálculo del índice TyG y se estimó el riesgo cardiovascular utilizando la escala predictiva Globorisk. Los resultados mostraron que el 69,3 % de la población presentó un índice TyG alterado, y se evidenció una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la resistencia a la insulina y el nivel de riesgo cardiovascular (p = 0,028). Específicamente, la insulinoresistencia estuvo presente en el 85,3 % de los sujetos con riesgo moderado y en el 100 % de los pacientes con riesgo alto. Se concluye que el índice TyG se asocia significativamente con el riesgo cardiovascular, consolidándose como una herramienta clínica accesible y de bajo costo para la estratificación temprana del riesgo aterogénico y la optimización de estrategias de prevención primaria en poblaciones andinas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mario Alexander Aguilar Balseca, Deyaneira Dayana Cevallos Arteaga
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
