Impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico de cáncer de cuello uterino en mujeres jóvenes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/ei.v4i3.216Palabras clave:
Cáncer, cuello uterino, impacto psicosocial, mujeres jóvenesResumen
El cáncer de cuello uterino representa un problema relevante de salud pública que afecta de manera particular a mujeres jóvenes, quienes viven el proceso diagnóstico como una experiencia cargada de ansiedad, miedo e incertidumbre. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico en esta población mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura reciente. Se integraron dimensiones emocionales, socioculturales y clínicas, con especial atención al rol del laboratorio clínico como punto inicial del proceso. Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA y el modelo PICOS, seleccionándose 20 estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Los hallazgos muestran que las alteraciones emocionales más frecuentes incluyen ansiedad, angustia, preocupación por la fertilidad, temor al estigma y dificultades en la comunicación con la pareja y la familia. Factores socioculturales como el bajo nivel educativo, los tabúes asociados a la sexualidad, las creencias moralizantes y las desigualdades de acceso a la salud intensifican la vulnerabilidad emocional. A nivel clínico, los falsos positivos, los resultados inciertos, los tiempos de espera prolongados y la escasa orientación proporcionada durante la entrega de resultados en el laboratorio clínico incrementan el impacto emocional negativo. Asimismo, la falta de apoyo social y la limitada información sobre el VPH influyen en la percepción de amenaza y en la adherencia a los procesos diagnósticos y terapéuticos. Se concluye que el impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico en mujeres jóvenes es multidimensional y requiere estrategias integrales que incluyan comunicación empática, educación accesible, fortalecimiento del acompañamiento emocional y un rol más humanizado del laboratorio clínico.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Gabriela Alexandra Suarez Layedra, Yisela Carolina Ramos Campi
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
